Twenty-five years of vegetation change along a putative successional chronosequence on the Tanana River, Alaska1

نویسندگان

  • Teresa N. Hollingsworth
  • Andrea H. Lloyd
  • Dana R. Nossov
  • Roger W. Ruess
  • Brian A. Charlton
  • Knut Kielland
چکیده

Along the Tanana River floodplain, several turning points have been suggested to characterize the changes in ecosystem structure and function that accompany plant community changes through primary succession. In the past, much of this research focused on a presumed chronosequence that uses space for time substitutions. Within this chronosequence, permanent vegetation plots repeatedly measured over time provide an excellent test of the turning points model. We analyzed both canopy and understory vegetation data collected since 1987 in the Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest at the Bonanza Creek Long Term Ecological Research site to address the following questions: (i) Do long-term changes in the densities of seedling, sapling, and mature trees and shrubs of the dominant woody taxa at each successional stage support the turning points model? (ii) How does the entire plant community change with time at each hypothesized turning point? (iii) Do we see evidence of directional and synchronous shifts in species composition across successional stages? We conclude that some aspects of vegetation change during the last 25 years were consistent with the turning points model; however, many changes were not consistent, indicating the potential roles of biological, environmental, landscape, and climate controls in vegetation patterns. Résumé : Le long de la plaine inondable de la rivière Tanana, plusieurs moments décisifs ont été suggérés pour caractériser les changements de fonction et de structure de l’écosystème qui accompagnent les changements dans la communauté végétale tout au long de la succession primaire. Dans le passé, la plupart des travaux de recherche ont mis l’accent sur une chronoséquence présumée qui suit une approche synchronique. À l’intérieur de cette chronoséquence, des placettes échantillons permanentes de la végétation, mesurées à plusieurs reprises dans le temps, constituent un excellent test pour le modèle des moments décisifs. Nous avons analysé des données de végétation de la canopée et du sous-étage collectées depuis 1987 dans la forêt expérimentale de Bonanza Creek, à la station de recherche à long terme en écologie de Bonanza Creek, dans le but de s’attaquer aux questions suivantes : (i) Est-ce que les changements à long terme de densité des semis, des gaules et des arbres matures ainsi que des arbustes des taxons ligneux dominants à chaque stade de succession supportent le modèle des moments décisifs? (ii) De quelle façon la communauté végétale en entier change avec le temps à chaque moment décisif présumé? (iii) Voit-on des signes de changements directionnels et synchrones dans la composition en espèces à travers les stades de succession? Nous arrivons à la conclusion que certains aspects de la modification de la végétation au cours des derniers 25 ans ont été cohérents avec le modèle des moments décisifs. Cependant, plusieurs changements n’étaient pas cohérents, indiquant que des facteurs biologiques, environnementaux, paysagers et climatiques pourraient avoir un effet déterminant sur les patrons de végétation. [Traduit par la Rédaction]

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تاریخ انتشار 2010